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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

# 1st element "apple" print
print("fruits[0]:", fruits[0])

# Last element "cherry" print
print("fruits[-1]:", fruits[-1])

# Modify the 2nd list element
fruits[1] = "blueberry"

# Print ["apple", "blueberry", "cherry"]
print("fruits:", fruits)

# Managing Multiple Items with a List

In Python, a `List` is a data type that allows you to manage multiple values together. You can use lists to manage things like a list of event attendees or items in a shopping cart.

Lists are ordered and each element can be accessed using an `index` that starts from 0.

<br />

## How can we create a list?

Lists are created by placing multiple values, separated by commas (`,`), within square brackets (`[ ]`).

The values inside the list can include various data types like numbers, strings, etc.

```python title="Example of Creating a List"
# List made up of numbers
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# List made up of strings
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
```

A list can also contain another list.

This is called a **nested list** and is useful for representing more complex data structures like matrices.

```python title="Example of a Nested List"
# Nested list
matrix = [
  [1, 2, 3],
  [4, 5, 6],
  [7, 8, 9]
]
```

<br />

## Accessing elements in a list and modifying their values

Each element in a list is accessed using its numeric `index`.

Indexing starts at `0`, meaning the first element has an index of 0, the second element has an index of 1, the third element has an index of 2, and so on.

```python title="Example of Accessing and Modifying List Elements"
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

# Prints "apple"
print(fruits[0])

# Prints "cherry"
print(fruits[2])

# Modify an element in the list
fruits[1] = "blueberry"

# Prints ["apple", "blueberry", "cherry"]
print(fruits)
```

<br />

You can also access elements from the end of the list by using negative indices.

```python title="Example of Accessing from the End of the List"
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

# Prints "cherry"
print(fruits[-1])

# Prints "banana"
print(fruits[-2])
```

In Python, the index of a list starts from 0. Thus, the index of the first element is 0.

The index of the first element in the list is 1.