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def add_one(number):
    return number + 1

def multiply_by_two(number):
    return number * 2

def process_number(number, callback):
    result = callback(number)
    print(f"Processed Result: {result}")

process_number(10, add_one)
#

# Functions within Functions: Callback Functions

A `callback` function is a function that is passed as a `parameter` to another function and is **invoked within that function**.

Callbacks are useful when you want to execute additional actions when certain conditions are met or when you need to process follow-up tasks after data is ready.

<br />

## How to Use Callback Functions?

Callback functions are passed as parameters to other functions, which then call them to execute various operations dynamically.

```python title="Callback Function Example"
# Define callback functions
def add_one(number):
    return number + 1

def multiply_by_two(number):
    return number * 2

# Function that accepts a callback function as an argument
def process_number(number, callback):
    result = callback(number)
    print(f"Processed Result: {result}")

# Process with add_one function, prints 11
process_number(10, add_one)
# Process with multiply_by_two function, prints 20
process_number(10, multiply_by_two)

```

Callback functions are used to perform additional tasks by receiving the execution results of other functions.

### A callback function refers to a function that is passed as an argument to another function and is executed.