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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <link
      href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto"
      rel="stylesheet"
    />
    <title>HTML Example Page</title>

    <script src="scripts.js"></script>
  </head>

  <body>
    <header>
      <h1>Webpage Title</h1>
    </header>

    <nav>
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#home">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
      </ul>
    </nav>

    <main>
      <article>
        <h2>Main Content Title</h2>
        <p>This represents the main content of the webpage.</p>
      </article>
    </main>

    <footer>
      <p>© Copyright, Contact Information</p>
    </footer>
  </body>
</html>

# html Tag

The `<html>` tag indicates the start and end of a web document.

Before declaring the html tag, a `DOCTYPE` is declared to let the browser know what version of HTML the page is made with.

The widely used version of HTML on the internet today is `HTML5`, and you specify it at the top of the HTML document with `<!DOCTYPE html>` to indicate that it is an HTML5 document.

```html title="Declaring DOCTYPE"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  
</html>
```

> *Note*: Since its inception in 1991, HTML has been released in various versions. The major versions of HTML are as follows.

### HTML (1991)

The original version of HTML was introduced by Tim Berners-Lee, the founder of the World Wide Web.

### HTML 2.0 (1995)

The first standard version of HTML, improved based on feedback from members of the web community.

### HTML 3.2 (1997)

JavaScript was added to control the behavior of web pages.

### HTML 4.0 (1997)

Stylesheets (CSS) for styling webpages and enhanced input forms were added.

### HTML5 (2014, current version)

Tags like `<canvas>`, `<video>`, `<audio>` were introduced, and modern features like `localStorage` that act as storage in web browsers were added.

<br />

## `<html>` Tag

The *html* tag serves as the root element of an HTML document and should be at the very start and end of the document.

Within the `<html>` tag, it includes the `<head>` tag, which contains information about the web page, and the `<body>` tag, which contains the content to be displayed on the webpage.

<br />

## Internal Structure of HTML Tag

```html title="Basic HTML Document Structure"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    
  </head>
  <body>
    
  </body>
</html>
```

The HTML tag can specify the main language of the webpage using the *lang* attribute.

For example, a webpage using English as the main language can be specified as `<html lang="en">`.

<br />

```html title="Example of HTML lang Attribute Use"
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Webpage Title</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Section Title</h1>
    <p>Section Content</p>
  </body>
</html>
```

At the very top of an HTML document, there must be a `<!DOCTYPE html>` declaration. This informs the browser that the document is written in HTML5. The `<html>` tag follows this declaration.

### An HTML document must have the `<html>` tag at the very top.

html Tag

HTML (1991)

HTML 2.0 (1995)

HTML 3.2 (1997)

HTML 4.0 (1997)

HTML5 (2014, current version)

<html> Tag

Internal Structure of HTML Tag

An HTML document must have the <html> tag at the very top.

`<html>` Tag

An HTML document must have the `<html>` tag at the very top.